Windshield wiper



April s, 192s. 1,579,718

A. PINEAU WINDSHIELD wIPER Original Filed Jan. 30. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 JWM@ N 5MM@ April ALPINE-Au WINDSHIELD WIPER or'i'inal Filed Jan. 3 0, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Apnl 6 1926' A. PINEAU WINDSHIELD WI PER Original Filed Jan. 30, 1925 I5 Sheets-Shes?l 5 Patented Apr. 6, 1926.

UNITED STATES AUGUSTE PINEAU, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

WINDSHIELD WILPER.-

Application filed January 30, 1925, Serial No. 5,684. f Renewed February 25, 1926.'-

To all whom t may concer/1t.' f

Ile it known that I, AUGUSTE Pinnen, a citizen ot the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new andV useful Improvement in `Windshield llVipers, of which the following is afull, clear, con cise, and exact description, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ot this specification.

My invention relates to wind shield wipeis.

The use of a small electric motor 'for oscillatinga wiper arm for cleaning ther wind shield oi an automobile, or the' like, has been shown to be feasible. In such a device, the mechanism tor converting rotary motion of the high speed motor shaft into slow oscillating motion of the wiper shaft is of the utmosty importance. i l

Such motion should give a substantially smooth action withoutjerks or play, and should be simple, strong, and inevliiensive.V

to limit the same to such use, but may emi ploy it for uses such as washing machines, or any oscillating movement, as desired.`

I provide a worm and wheel for reducing the rotary motion in speed. wheel has a crank pin which drives a rack of novel design and the 'rack cooperates with ja novel mutilated gear oi pinion. The rack and gear together produce an oscillatory mot-ion of the wiper shaft, which in the prel terred 'torni is something 'less than 180", which is suitable tor the wiper where the shaft for operating the y *saine projects through the'upper part of the ran'ie ofthe wind shield, but the degree ot aiigularmotion may be varied from 09 to 360?. The rack of my invention needs no lateral guide except the pinion, suitable guiding faction being thereupon provided` andthe pinion is made up of a disc from the side which in a wind shield wiper Ik The worm projects a plurality ot pins serving as the teeth of a mutilated gear.

It is a notable fact that the'mechanism of my invention provides maximum power at each end of the stroke ot' the wiper arin wherethe saine is generally neededv and yet the mechanism places a minimum of stress upon the individual element ot the muti'- latedv gear or pinion.

lVliile I have above stated specificallythe advantage of the mechanical motion for converting the rotary motion of' the motor into a slow oscillatory motion ot' the wiper shaft. it is to be understood that the wiper of my inventiom the preferred form of which is illustrated in the accompanying diawings`v embodies other features ot improvement which vl do not wish to lose sight ot.

Now in order toac'quaint those skilled inthe arty with the manner of constructing and 'operating a device embodying my invent-ion,

I shall describe in .connection with the ac companying` drawings, a specific embodiment of the same. f In the drawings: A Y i Figure l is a 'front view ot' the wiper applied to thetop ot' the wind shield of an automobile Fig. 2 is a lett side viewA ot' the same;

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section taken on the-line ot Fig. 4;

' F ig. 4t is a longitudinal cross section 'taken on the line 4-4 ot Fig.r 3;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal cross section takenr on the line 5-5 ot Fig. 4;

Figs. G and 7 are diagrams illustrating the roperation of the niechanical movement ot my invention;

Y Fig. 8 is a sectional View thro-ugh a vmodification; and' f v y Fig. 9 is a top plan view ofthesame.

' yThe Wiper is shown in Fig. l as mounted upon the top rail 1 of the trame of the wind shield, having the glass 2. The 'wiper 3 comprises an electric motor, shown in the sections of Figs. 4 and`5, having a suitable armature 3, field magnet 4, ieldwinding 5, and ybrush holders 6 and 7, having suitable brushes for co-operating with the commutator 8. The motor shaft 9 has a bearing in the rear trame member 10, as indicated at 11. This motor shaft may v*project through the frear frame plate 1() and have a small knob to permit turningof. the-inotor, rshaft by hand, ir" so desired. At its forward end the motor shaft is formed of a larger cross section, as may be-see'nat 12, and -this enlarged portion has a bearing in thehousirig ,13,A which housing extends beyond the endet the shaft 12. rEhe outer e'ndlo'f the sliatA 12 is formed into a Worm il which preferablyv has iiat topped teeth, although'the"partic'iil lar forni et' the Worm is not of the essence oi" the inven'tioni The rear part of the housing or end plate 10k co-operates With la central' housing portion 15',- which has the bearing, portion 13' io medi integral there with. The bearing portion 13 extends downwardly, as viewed in Fig. 4, to form a housing 1S for the Worm Wheel 17, which Worm Wheel meshes with the vvorni lfl.

The Worin ivheel has ahub '1S which bears against the flat interiorl surface ot the'houslng, legend which hub is received' upon apin 1!) which is threaded intoa boss 20the pin 19 being 1n the form ot a shouldered screw tor holding the Worm VWheel 17 firmlj,y

in place; The Worin Wheel 17 has the crank pin 2l entending froin'the forward' iaceio the saine and this crank pin enters the bearing 22 or the box'shder 23. rll-he housing 1G is extended. axially orv the Worin Wheelv 17 Y t0 forni a suitable enclosureV for Ithe crank LEO l 3T for pin 22 a d its connected box slider 23, and this housing is also extended upwardly above the bearing portion 13 and above the ivor'm 1-l., to provide a` suitable housingi'or the outer end et' the box' slider 23, as' is indicated at 2li in Fig. 3. A cover plate 25, havinga bearinghub or boss 26, inovides a bearing for the Wiper shaft 27 to the' outer end ot which is secured the Wiper arm 23 andiviper or squeegee 29; The cover plate has a supplementary traine member 30 connected thereto by means of the posts or pillars 31,32 and 33, this auxiliary frame or plate 30 having an opening 3d registering `with the crank pin 21, this supplementary frame plate 30 being held uponthe posts 3L 32 and 33 by means' of suitable screws.

Ylrhe supplementary traine plate 30- contines the. box slider 23 between' it and-the cover plate, 25`,-so tjliat-reniovaloi the cover plate and box slider 23 and shaft-27, v-.f'ith connectedparts, may be-had as aunit. ,Y

'tsinne-r end-the Wiper `yshaft has preainblyy but not necessarily set-Ain arecess or counterbore formed'l in the'cover ple-.m25 to lsecure a bearing therein and saidv disc having an extending portion forming a male bea1"ing36, ivhichf bearing-forms a pivotal guide for the' CorrespBondingl feinalebearing "ed on the adjacentside of theb'ox The cylindrical guiding: surface a'diso connected thereto, this disc bein-g ...l- 36, whichiorms in etlect a barrel, has rolling' and sliding contact with the female hearingor guide 35.7, the lattervbelngdiormed completely around the inside vperiphery of said box slider for a depth corresponding to the axial length of the cylindrical surface 36. Thus the box slider 23 is guided at all times on the Ipivotal or cylindrical bearing formed on the surface 36 as the box slider is Sivit-ng about by'` the action of the crank pin, 22.

Ino'rder to connect the box slider 23 and the disc 35 for driving the wiper shaft 27, I provide on the inner endof' the disc 35 a plurality ot pins, in this case three pins 33, 39, and 40, and l provide on the adjacent edge of the box slider 23 a plurality ot teeth, in this case'tivo teeth l1 land 42 with suitable interdental recesses 43, 44 andai-5.

lYhile l have shown three pins and three interdental spaces co-operating with the same, it is` to be understood that the invention is not limited` to' this particular number as the degree of motion of the oscillatorjyv sha't't 27 may be varied by varying the relutive proportions and sizes of the pins and teeth.` The pins 38,' 39 andfl() serve in eiiflect like pinion teeth and the teeth l1 and d2, with their co-operatiiig notches', operate to a certain'degree like a rack, although the cooperation which provide secures a result hereinafter pointed out, namely, that the edges or corners i6 and 47 also serve the saine function as the notches or seats 43, t and #l5 to receive]A the pins 38, and 4:0, or part ot them',1 to transmit motion to the Wiper shaft.

It is to benotedthat instead oi' the pins such as 38, and l0 suitable teeth might be provided instead. rihe pins are simpler and more easily constructed and are advantageous. tis'to be noted that the circumferential extent of the pins is in the present case less than 3600but this may be varied.-

The cii'cctive diameter' of the pinion formed b v the pins 33, 39 and fl-O, is less than the diameter of the head guiding surface 35 to secure an overhang of the iiange of the slider.

The pinion might bl made a solid piece instead of being onl),7 the pins. ln order to secure engagement' between the end of the boxy slider and the pinion the rack on the slider ismade so short as to secure effective engagement of the part-s; It1 desireda inujtilated' solid pinion might befprovided to secure the engagement Which Iliave shown. I find that the pinsand coarse teeth give better strength andlightness alsov less triction.

.That is to say, the vinwardly extending flanges about `the track 37 provide on the one sine the teeth and notches and on the other side onlyv the corner recesses or seats 4G and fr?.

rlhe operation ot the device ivill be clear from a consideration of the construction ,previouslydescribed, andjla study of diagrains shown at Figs. 6 and 7.

Ill)

The motor is controlled by a Asuitable switch 50 having an operating element,

cylindrical portion 52 extending through an insulating sleeve 53 and at its inner end theJr pin 52 is lnotche-d as indicated at 54 and These two notches are adapted to register with co-operating springs 56 and 57, the springs in turn being mounted upon suitable insulation and connected in series in the motor circuit, as will be well understood. by those skilled in the art.

When the switch element 50 is in the position shown in Fig. 4 and the motor circuit is closed, the external circuit not being indicated for the sake of clearness, the motor armature 3 is rotated driving the worm 14 and the cooperating worm wheel 17. The space within the housing 16, in which the working parts operate, is pack-ed with grease and hence th-e bearings of the worm and worm wheel and cooperating parts are maintained in suitable lubricated condition. The worm wheel 17 carries the crank pin 21 and the crank pin carries with it the bearing 22 of the box slider 23, the box slider pivoting upon the cylindrical part 36 of thedisc 35. This disc member is suitably connected as by a key or pin to the oscillating shaft 27 so thatthe shaft 27 and the wiper arm 28, with its connected squeegee 29, partakes of the oscillatory motion of said shaft 27.

As the crank pin 21 revolves about the axis of the worm wheel, the box slider 23 partakes of the motion of the same. lThe portion of the box slider bearing the teeth transmits motion through the pins to the head 35 and thus to the oscillatory shaft 27 Now I wish to call attention to the fact that in the particular arrangement which I have shown, the pins 38 and 40 co-operate not only with the end interdental spaces on the side of the slider having the teeth 41 and 42, but also these pins co-operate with the seats 46 and 47 upon the opposite side of the slider at the ends of the stroke of said slider. For example, attention is called to the diagrams of vFigs. 6 and 7 where the slider is at the end of the stroke. In` Fig.

6 when the slider has been pushed towards the head 35 to itsl fullest extent., the pin 40'4 g instead of above the worm wheel, as illusis seated in the notch or interdental space 43 and the pin 38 is in the notch or corner` 46 and further motion of the pin 21 transmits a push upward. on the pin 38 and a pull l downward on thek pin so as to secure a maximum torque upon the oscillatory shaft at the end of the stroke.

The same thing is true at the opposite end of the stroke, as shown in Fig. 7, when the slider has moved as far away `from the head 35 as possible and in this case the 'pin 38 is in the recess -45 and the pin 4() is in the corner Tand further .mation of the crank pin 21 in the direction indicated by the arrow tends to transmit an upward thrust on the pin 38 and a downward. pull power tothe oscillatory shaft at the end ofv the stroke. Thus' the mechanism is not strained at the end of the stroke where the :friction is maximum and furthermore the 'upon the pin 40, again giving maximum mechanism has its greatest inherent power f at that time. This is highly desirable, because at the end of thestroke the friction of motion is substituted for by the friction of rest and alsoin many casesthere is a tendency to form a ridge at the end of the stroke as, for instance, where ice freezes upon the wind shield and also it sometimes happens that the pressure on the squeegee 29 is sutiicient'tc kcause the rubber to be bent to one side by motion of the rocker arm and. then the arm must pass over the bent rubber to cause motion in the opposite direction. I-Ience it isjhighly desirable that at the reversal of motion of the voscillatory shaft-suitable power be provided and also suitable bearingsbetween the parts so that ing a suitably formed pinion and Slicer o where both elements haveteeth co-operating with each other.

It will be seen thatV at all times the box slider 23 is guided for motion of translation and alsov for angular or pivotal motion upon the extending huby or cylindrical guiding surface 36. Thebox slider, therefore, servesv the threefold function of serving as a cross head for thev crank pin 21, serving as a rack for driving the wiper shaft 27, and guiding vitself upon said hub or cylindrical guiding surface 36. lThere' is also the additional function secured of serving as a lever at the end of the'stroke In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown a modification of the structure in which thek motor' is placed with its shaft below the worm wheel .with Vthe gear 59 which drives the wiper shaft 27 the intermediate portion provides ico acylin'dricalI guiding surface 3G* justr as shown' in the' previousl form, and' the"y opposite face carries tlieipins 381-, 39and 40 which co-operate with the teeth andseat on' the box slider 23.- The slider 23 shownfin Fig; Sis identical with the slider show-n in the previous modification andf it has the same guiding' and lever function, th'e-pinsBS, 89 and 40' co-operating With the teeth and notches precisely asindicated in th'e foregoing figures, and particularly as illus-- trated inFigs. 6 andi?. Theonlydiiiierence between the tivo: embodiments isthat the Wiper shaft, instead offv beingdirectly mounted for driving connectionvr withV the head or disc 35, is' connected" thereto through gear teeth andi the gear 5921 In mounting the' device shown in Figs.- i to 7, inclusive, apair of posts' or' bossesl are formed integral vwithfthe housing-515 and clamping sere-ws G2 arej passed loosely through the t'op rail ll of thez Wind? shield and'threaded into'the-hollow bosses'lawhich are suitably tapped tov receivethemi These bosses 6l are substantially inline With-the hub` or bearing Q26 of the Wiper shaft 2'?, so

that the Wiper shaft 27 may passthrouglr the top rail l on about the Same line as the screws 62.

In the form shown1in Figs. 8 andl 9 the motor shaft ,is disposed below the worin Wheel and the gears 59 and GO'bring the Wiper shaft- 27. upward: to a point adjacent the top ofl the housing 15 so that the'posts 6l may lie in linelwiththe Wiper shatf 27 and the screvvsGQ may clamp the device to the Wind shield in the sam'e'f manner as: eX- plained in connection with' the-device shown in F ig. l.

vI do not intend to be' limited to thei4 details shown or described..

Iv claim:

l. In combination, aahousing comprising two separate compartments,- the first compartment having an open end, an end: plate therefor, an electric motor in said first compartment, said second compartment having an open sideLa cover plate therefor, said compartinent'being. connected by a bore, said motor having a shaft in sa'id boreclosing the same, a Worm en said shaftdisposed'in said second compartment, al Worm Wheel jo'urn'alled in saidl second compartmenti and co-operating with said Worm, a frame? plate connected to and. spaced from saidA cover plate, ai crank pin mounted on the Worm Wheel, an oscillatoryl Wiper shaft journall'ed in said cover plate, motionV transmitting mechanism for transmitting motionfrom the crank pin to the wiper shaft mounted between said frame plate and said cover plate, said mechanism comprising a slider pivoted on theV crank pin and a` cooperating oscillating head mounted on the end et the wiper, shaft', Y

2: In combination,apair of frame plates spacedf romeachl other, `an oscillatory shaft journalledf inE one-frame plate, a cylindri al head secured upon said shaft and lying betiveen saidiplates, a slider having a guide Way embracing said' cylindrical head and having flange overlying said head, notches formed in one edge of saidl flange, pins meshing with said notches, said pins being mounted onsaid'head, and a revolvingcrank )in-having one end of the slider journalled upon the same.

3.111 combination, an oscillatory shaft, al rotating crank pin, a cylindrical head upon one end'of the-shaft, a bos; slider having a guide Way embracing said head, a flangerextending over the end of the head, projections on theend of the head and notches inthe flange, said projections and notehes'forming co-eperating gear elements, said; box sliderhaving a-l bearing at one'end and said'y bearing embracing saidA crank: pin.

4:111 combination, an oscillatory shaft, a rotating crank pin, a.; cylindricalfhead upon one endof'the'shaft,.azbox slider having a guide"Way'embracingfsaid liead,'.a. flange extending over the head, tooth members formed on they end ofthe head and. lying Withiny the: diameter of the head, and. cooperating teeth forniedvin the fiange of the slider, saidl slider` having al bearing at one ende embracing said crank pin.

5.1m combination, an oscillatory shaft, a' rotating crank pin,A acylindrical" head uponrone end ofthezshat, a box. slider having ai guide Way embracing said' head, a flange extending overthe end of thev head, pins projecting out of the end ofi the head, said?pinsflyinguiithin the diameter; of the head, COL-operating; teeth beingr formed in the edgegofv the; flange, anda bearing inthe end of t'he'- slider for; saidv crank pin.

6: InV combination, any oscillatory shaft, arotatingf' crank pin, al cylindrical. head member upon one endl of the shaft, a box slider having a' guidewvay embracing; said head, saidfslideri having a flange efr-:tending over the end of the head, co-opeiatingyieeth on thefhead and` in the flange for Connecting the head. andi the? slider,l the length of the run; of teeth onY the slider being such as to permit engagement v of. the f teeth` of' thel head with the' ends: of the guideivay of the slider.

anda bearingffoirthe crank pinfin one end' off the slider.

7.. Inl' combination, a pair of frameI plates held: together inparallel: alignment, an oseillatory shaft having acylindrical.' head disposed between said'plates, aco-operating slider haring' al gnidewary embracing` the head, saidslid'er having; aninivardly extending? flange; lying: between` thev inner endl of saidY lieadf andi one of' the: frame plates, said hendi haringplnrallty ofi pins; extending .outoi the# unice-@lidi oi the head,- r said-1 flange having notches and teeth cO-operating with said pins, and a crank pin journalled in one end of the slider. e

8. In combination, an oscillatory shaft, a rotating crank pin, a cylindrical head on the shaft, a hoX slider having a guide Way embracing` the head, said head having a plurality of projections forming a pinion of smaller diameter than the diameter ofthe head, said slider having an inwardly extending Hange having teeth (3o-operating With said pinion and a` bearing in the end of the Slider (to-operatingwith said crank pin.

yIn Witness whereof7 I hereunto Sbscribe my name this 27th day of January, 1925.

' AUGUSTE PINEAU. 

